Pyatigorsk - a resort town in the Stavropol region of Russia, in eco-resort region of Caucasian Mineral Waters. C January 19, 2010 is the center of the North Caucasus Federal District, Russia's only city, is the center of the Federal District, but not the center of the Federation.

The city is located 196 km south-east of Stavropol at an altitude of about 500 m above sea level. Founded - 1780.

Geography
Pyatigorsk is located in the Caucasus, in the Stavropol upland, predominantly on the left bank of the river Podkumok. Within the city are the mountain peaks: Mashuk (993.7 m), Hot (557.9 meters), cossacks (633 m), Post (556.0 m), picket (565.3 m), etc. The highest point around the city - the peak of Besh (1401.2 m).

Pyatigorsk is the largest resort city and one of the centers of the Caucasus-Mineralnyie polycentric metropolitan area. The population of the metropolitan area - 670 thousand (2005).

Pyatigorsk is second in the Stavropol region on a population. Its population, together with the suburbs is 208.8 thousand people. (2008). The area of the city - 97 km ², population density - 2,105.2 inhabitants / km ². The population of the city proper (excluding members of the settlements) - 141 thousand people (2009).

Average monthly air temperature in January: -2,6 °; in July: 22,4 °. Annual rainfall - 550 mm. A month with the highest rainfall - June, with the smallest - November. Climate - moderate continental.

National-cultural associations
Pyatigorskaya Armenian national-cultural autonomy,
The national-cultural community "Greeks of Pyatigorsk,
German national-cultural autonomy "Quelle"
Tatar national-cultural community
Center for the peoples of Daghestan,
Chechen social and cultural center coming from the Chechen Republic on the CMS "Bart"
Ossetian national-cultural community "Il",
National Cultural NGO "Union of Poles in the Caucasian Mineral Waters", the Association of Ukrainians in the CMS "Yatran"
The Jewish community "Geula"
NGO Circassian (Adygei, Abazins, Kabardins, Circassians, Shapsughs) Pyatigorsk "Pyatigorsk Circassians.
Formation
The city has 17 higher education institutions, branches and representative offices of other universities and is considered a city of students, which enrolled about 40,000 students.

Pyatigorsk State Linguistic University - University of linguistic areas.
Pyatigorsk State Technological University - the largest university of the Caucasian Mineral Waters. At 40 special trains over 20,000 students. It has 4 branches in the North Caucasus. Address: Ave 40 years of October, d. 56.
Pyatigorsk State Pharmaceutical Academy. Founded in 1943. Conducts training in the pharmaceutical department. Address: 357532 Pyatigorsk, etc. Kalinin 11.
Taganrog Technology Institute of Southern Federal University (branch) - provides training in seven schools: Radio Engineering, Automation and Computer Engineering, Information Security, Electronics and Instrumentation; natural Humanities, Economics, Management and Law, the correspondence courses.
Pyatigorsk Institute of resort recreation and hospitality (a branch of the International Academy of Tourism) - conducts studies in management of the organization.
North Caucasus State Technical University (branch) - has the following specialties: applied computer science, law, finance, credit, taxes and taxation, accounting, analysis and auditing, economics and management at the enterprise, expertise and enterprise management.
Kavminvodsky Institute of Service.
St. Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation (branch).
Modern Academy of Humanities - law, management, economics, psychology, computer science and BT, linguistics. Entrance examination: Ave Kalinina 15, 4 floor.
Sochi State University of Tourism and Hospitality (branch).
North-Caucasian Academy of Civil Service (branch). Specialties: State and municipal management, management organization, the global economy, marketing. Address: ul. Dunaevskiy, 5.
Institute of Management, Business and Law - per. Green, 1.
Institute of Economics and Management - st. Moscow, 51.
Stavropol Institute. VD Chursina (branch) - Ave Kirov, 25.
Commerce and Economic College - st. University, 41.
Russian State Trade-Economic University (branch) - conducts training in the field of Applied infomatika in the economy, the world economy, management organization, finance and credit, accounting, commodity research and examination of goods, law, etc. Address: ul. Kuchuriv 8
Training Centre "Ariadne" - prepares students for entry into certain universities. Address: Prospekt Kirova, 68, 2 floor (the building of a children's library).
Learning Center "Stage" - prepares to government civilian and military universities of Russia. Address: ul. October, 38.
Russian State Social University (branch) - University of social orientation.
Therapeutic factors
 
View of Pyatigorsk in the mountains MashukPyatigorsk has a variety of natural medical resources. There are more than 40 sources of mineral waters with different chemical composition and temperature of water, some of which radon. From Pyatigorsk located near Tambukansky lake extract valuable in the therapeutic relation sulphidic ile dirt. Favourable climatic conditions, which develop in the summer and early autumn, you can use them for climate. However, all medical factors Pyatigorsk are the most important of its mineral springs, the history of discovery, learning and use are inextricably linked with the history of the formation of the resort, long time has become the cultural and administrative center of the Caucasian Mineral Waters. In a rare variety of mineral springs, concentrated in a small area around Mashuk, Pyatigorsk is sometimes called the "Museum of Natural Mineral Water". For a long time in Pyatigorsk used for therapeutic purposes only hot sulfur springs (out of the cracks, the Hotline - spur PM Mashuk), because the city and was named Goryachevodsk. Open the same in 1902 and 1914. Cold mineral water springs and warm mineral water with their high efficiency for treatment not applied. The radioactivity of sulfur waters of Pyatigorsk was discovered in 1913, physicist AP Sokolov beginning of XX century. But only in the last 30-40 years, radon waters have found widespread application.

In accordance with the modern classification mineral waters of Pyatigorsk spa together in the following groups:

carbonic water (hot, warm, cold) - the first Piatigorsky type;
carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide compound ion-salt composition - Second Piatigorsky type;
radon waters - the third type Piatigorsky;
Essentuki mineral water type (carbon dioxide and carbon dioxide-hydrogen sulfide)
balneological Group waters "without specific components and properties (nitrogen baths, methane water with high content of iodine and bromine, slabouglekislaya chloride Sodium water).
In Pyatigorsk, 38 active wells: 23 wells in operation, 15 are observant and are in reserve.

Resort base

See BFO
Sanatorium "Hot Key"
Pyatigorsk Central Children Sanatorium
Sanatorium "Don"
Sanatorium "Zori Stavropol"
sanatorium Kirov
sanatorium named after M. Lermontov
Sanatorium "Mashuk"
pension Iskra
Clinic Bi (Balneo Institute)
Holiday clinic name Pirogov
Sanatorium "Swallow"
Sanatorium "Lenin rocks"
Sanatorium "Lesnaya Polyana"
dispensary "Walnut Grove"
pension "Red October"
Pyatigorsk State Research Institute of Spa Treatment
sanatorium Pyatigorye "
sanatorium Rodnik
Sanatorium "Fleece"
Sanatorium Tarkhany
Pyatigorsk Central Military Sanatorium
Sanatorium Piatigorsky Narzan
Treatment and Rehabilitation Centres
First City Hospital
Second Hospital
Children's Hospital
Polyclinic them. May 1
Children's Clinic (for Fucik)
Student Clinic (White Daisy, Campus)
Dental Clinic (item 40 October)
Paid clinic (project 40 years in October). Does your hospital.

Singing fountain in Pyatigorsk (video)

Source: www.KMWI.ru - Kavminvod Inform - Regional information and entertainment Internet portal Caucasian Mineral Waters